Source code control system is a MUST to manage the changes occuring to software project during development. Developer needs a complete history of changes to backtrack to previous versions in case of any problems. Since source code is the most vital component of any software project and software development takes a huge amount of time and money, it is very important to spend some time in safe-guarding the source code by using the source code control systems like CVS and RCS.
CVS (Concurrent Version Control System) is a powerful tool which allows concurrent development of software by multiple users. It uses RCS underneath and has application layer interface as a wrapper on top RCS.
CVS can record the history of your files (usually, but not always, source code). CVS only stores the differences between versions, instead of every version of every file you've ever created. CVS also keeps a log of who, when and why changes occurred, among other aspects.
CVS is very helpful for managing releases and controlling the concurrent editing of source files among multiple authors. Instead of providing version control for a collection of files in a single directory, CVS provides version control for a hierarchical collection of directories consisting of revision controlled files.
These directories and files can then be combined together to form a software release.
CVS can be used for storing "C", "C++", Java, Perl, HTML and other files.
CVS actually uses RCS underneath. CVS is a lot more powerful tool and can control a complete source code tree. It is very strongly recommended that you use CVS, because you can greatly customize CVS with scripting languages like PERL, korn and bash shells. See the sample korn shell scripts at Shell Scripts .
Advantages of CVS
Dis-Advantages of CVS
Advantages of RCS
Downside of RCS
This document also has shell scripts which provide simple commands to check-out, check-in, commit files. See shell scripts at Shell Scripts
For RCS see the RCS mini-howto on the linux cdrom -
cd /mnt/cdrom/Redhat/RPMS ls -l howto-6.0-*.noarch.rpm rpm -qpl howto-6* | grep -i rcs
First you need to install the CVS package, on Redhat linux use
cd /mnt/cdrom/Redhat/RPMS rpm -i rcs*.rpm rpm -i cvs*.rpm To see the list of files installed do - rpm -qpl cvs*.rpm | less
On other flavors of unix, you may need to download the RCS and CVS tar balls and follow README, INSTALL files to setup CVS. Visit http://www.cyclic.com and http://www.loria.fr/~molli/cvs-index.html
The following environment variables need to be setup in /etc/profile - default values required for all users. If not set in /etc/profile, than you should add these to your local profile file /.bash_profile.
export EDITOR=/bin/vi export CVSROOT=/home/cvsroot export CVSREAD=yes
Create a directory to store the source code repository and give read, write access to unix group/user.
export CVSROOT=/home/cvsroot mkdir $CVSROOT chmod o-rwx $CVSROOT chmod ug+rwx $CVSROOT
cvs init # Change directory is a must cd $HOME/my_source_code_dir # Must give vendor tag and revision tag cvs import my_source_code_dir V1_0 R1_0
To migrate the existing RCS files to CVS, use the following script. Make sure that you installed korn shell package pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom.
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
#!/bin/ksh
#############################################################
# Program to Migrate the existing source code in RCS to CVS
#
# Needs the korn shell RPM package pdksh*.rpm from Linux
# contrib cdrom
#############################################################
#
# rcs2cvs - convert source tree from RCS to CVS
#
# project to convert
PROJECT='project'
# current RCS root
RCSROOT="$HOME/rcs"
if cd "$RCSROOT/$PROJECT"
then
cd "$RCSROOT"
else
echo >&2 "`basename "$0"`: can't change to RCS directory '$RCSROOT/$PROJECT'."
exit 1
fi
# current CVS root
CVSROOT="$HOME/cvs"
# create new CVS directory for project 'project'
if mkdir "$CVSROOT/$PROJECT"
then
:
else
echo >&2 "`basename "$0"`: can't create CVS directory '$CVSROOT/$PROJECT'."
exit 2
fi
# create CVS project tree from RCS tree
find "$PROJECT" -type d -name RCS -print |
while read RCS
do
CVS="`dirname "$RCS"`"
(if cd "$RCS"
then
# if find . -type f -name '*,v' -print | cpio -pdmv "$CVSROOT/$CVS"
if find . -type f -print | cpio -pdmv "$CVSROOT/$CVS"
then
:
else
echo >&2 "`basename "$0"`: can't convert RCS subdirectory '$RCSROOT/$RCS' to CVS subdirectory '$CVSROOT/$CVS'."
fi
else
echo >&2 "`basename "$0"`: can't change to RCS subdirectory '$RCSROOT/$RCS'."
fi)
done
The following are wrappers around the basic CVS commands. The scripts are written for Korn shell since korn shell is always available on all flavors of unixes, but you can translate to bash or PERL if needed. You can customize these scrips to your taste. They are basically CVS commands but features are added to make it site specific. For example, sedit script provides locking so that users will know some-one is editing the file. Ofcourse users can directly use the CVS commands to by-pass these scripts. These scripts demonstrate as to how CVS can be customized to a great extent.
Copy these scripts to /usr/local/bin and this should be in the user's PATH environment.
sdif -r rev1 -r rev2 <filename> To get the diff of your file with CVS. Click sdif
NOTE: sdif has only one 'f' because there is already another unix command called 'sdiff'
For example :
cd $HOME;
sfreeze REVISION_1_0 srctree
******************************************************
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program sget
# Program to check out the file from CVS read-only
cmdname=`basename $0`
Usage()
{
print "\nUsage: $cmdname [-r revision_number/symbolic_tag_name] <file/directory name> "
print "The options -r are optional "
print "For example - "
print " $cmdname -r 1.1 foo.cpp"
print " $cmdname foo.cpp "
print " $cmdname some_directory "
print "Extract by symbolic revision tag like - "
print " $cmdname -r REVISION_1 some_directory "
print " "
exit
}
# Command getopt will not supported in next major release.
# Use getopts instead.
while getopts r: ii
do
case $ii in
r) FLAG1=$ii; OARG1="$OPTARG";;
?) Usage; exit 2;;
esac
done
shift ` expr $OPTIND - 1 `
#echo FLAG1 = $FLAG1 , OARG1 = $OARG1
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
Usage
fi
bkextn=sget_bak
hme=` echo $HOME | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$hme" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$HOME is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
# Check if file already exists....
if [ -f $1 ]; then
user_perms=" "
group_perms=" "
other_perms=" "
user_perms=`ls -l $1 | awk '{print $1 }' | cut -b3-3 `
group_perms=`ls -l $1 | awk '{print $1 }' | cut -b6-6 `
other_perms=`ls -l $1 | awk '{print $1 }' | cut -b9-9 `
if [ "$user_perms" = "w" -o "$group_perms" = "w" \
-o "$other_perms" = "w" ]; then
print "\nError: The file is writable. Aborting $cmdname ......"
print " You should either backup, scommit or delete the file and"
print " try $cmdname again\n"
exit
fi
fi
cur_dir=`pwd`
#echo $cur_dir
len=${#hme}
len=$(($len + 2))
#echo $len
subdir=` echo $cur_dir | cut -b $len-2000 `
#echo $subdir
if [ "$subdir" = "" ]; then
fdname=$1
else
fdname=$subdir"/"$1
fi
# Move the file
touch $1 2>/dev/null
\mv -f $1 $1.$bkextn
# Create subshell
(
cd $hme
#echo $fdname
# Use -A option to clear all sticky flags
if [ "$FLAG1" = "" ]; then
cvs -r checkout -A $fdname
else
cvs -r checkout -A -$FLAG1 $OARG1 $fdname
fi
)
#pwd
if [ -f $1 ]; then
print "\nREAD-ONLY copy of the file $fdname obtained."
print "Done $cmdname"
#print "\nTip (Usage): $cmdname <file/directory name> \n"
fi
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program sedit
# Program to check out the file from CVS read/write mode with locking
cmdname=`basename $0`
Usage()
{
# print "\nUsage: $cmdname [-r revision_number] [-F] <filename>"
# print "The options -r, -F are optional "
# print "The option -F is FORCE edit even if file is "
# print "locked by another developer"
print "\nUsage: $cmdname [-r revision_number] <filename>"
print "The options -r are optional "
print "For example - "
print " $cmdname -r 1.1 foo.cpp"
print " $cmdname foo.cpp "
# print " $cmdname -F foo.cpp "
print " "
}
# Command getopt will not supported in next major release.
# Use getopts instead.
#while getopts r:F ii
while getopts r: ii
do
case $ii in
r) FLAG1=$ii; OARG1="$OPTARG";;
# F) FLAG2=$ii; OARG2="$OPTARG";;
?) Usage; exit 2;;
esac
done
shift ` expr $OPTIND - 1 `
#echo FLAG1 = $FLAG1 , OARG1 = $OARG1
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
Usage
exit
fi
hme=` echo $HOME | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$hme" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$HOME is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
bkextn=sedit_bak
cur_dir=`pwd`
#echo $cur_dir
len=${#hme}
len=$(($len + 2))
#echo $len
subdir=` echo $cur_dir | cut -b $len-2000 `
#echo $subdir
if [ "$subdir" = "" ]; then
fdname=$1
else
fdname=$subdir"/"$1
fi
# If file is already checked out by another developer....
cvs_root=` echo $CVSROOT | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$cvs_root" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$CVSROOT is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
cldir=$CVSROOT/$subdir/Locks
mkdir $cldir 2>/dev/null
rcsfile=$CVSROOT/$subdir/$1,v
#echo $rcsfile
if [ ! -e $rcsfile ]; then
print "\nError: File $1 does not exist in CVS repository!!\n"
exit
fi
# Get the tip revision number of the file....
# Use tmpfile as the arg cannot be set inside the sub-shell
tmpfile=$hme/sedit-lock.tmp
\rm -f $tmpfile 2>/dev/null
if [ "$FLAG1" = "" ]; then
(
cd $hme
cvs log $fdname | head -6 | grep head: | awk '{print $2}' > $tmpfile
)
OARG1=`cat $tmpfile`
\rm -f $tmpfile 2>/dev/null
fi
lockfile=$cldir/$1-$OARG1
#if [ -e $lockfile -a "$FLAG2" = "" ]; then
if [ -e $lockfile ]; then
print "\nError: File $1 Revision $OARG1 already locked by another developer !!"
aa=` ls -l $lockfile | awk '{print "Locking developers unix login name is = " $3}' `
print $aa
print "That developer should do scommit OR sunlock to release the lock"
print " "
# print "You can also use -F option to force edit the file even if"
# print "the file is locked by another developer. But you must talk to"
# print "other developer to work concurrently on this file."
# print "For example - this option is useful if you work on a seperate"
# print "C++ function in the file which does not interfere with other"
# print "developer."
# print " "
exit
fi
# Get read-only copy now....
if [ ! -e $1 ]; then
(
cd $hme
cvs -r checkout $fdname 1>/dev/null
)
fi
# Check if file already exists....
if [ -f $1 ]; then
user_perms=" "
group_perms=" "
other_perms=" "
user_perms=`ls -l $1 | awk '{print $1 }' | cut -b3-3 `
group_perms=`ls -l $1 | awk '{print $1 }' | cut -b6-6 `
other_perms=`ls -l $1 | awk '{print $1 }' | cut -b9-9 `
if [ "$user_perms" = "w" -o "$group_perms" = "w" \
-o "$other_perms" = "w" ]; then
print "\nError: The file is writable. Aborting $cmdname ......"
print " You must backup, scommit or delete file and"
print " try $cmdname again\n"
exit
fi
#print "\nNote: The file $1 is read-only."
#print "Hence I am moving it to $1.$bkextn ....\n"
\mv -f $1 $1.$bkextn
chmod 444 $1.$bkextn
elif [ -d $1 ]; then
print "\nError: $1 is a directory and NOT a file. Aborting $cmdname ....\n"
exit
fi
# Create subshell
print "\nNow getting the file $1 from CVS repository ...\n"
(
cd $hme
#echo $fdname
# Use -A option to clear the sticky tag and to get
# the HEAD revision version
if [ "$FLAG1" = "" ]; then
cvs -w checkout -A $fdname
else
cvs -w checkout -A -$FLAG1 $OARG1 $fdname
fi
)
if [ -e $1 ]; then
touch $lockfile
fi
#pwd
print "\nDone $cmdname"
#print "\nTip (Usage): $cmdname <filename> \n"
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program scommit
# Program to commit the changes and check in the file into CVS
cmdname=`basename $0`
Usage()
{
print "\nUsage: $cmdname [-r revision_number] <filename>"
print "The options -r are optional "
print "For example - "
print " $cmdname -r 1.1 foo.cpp"
print " $cmdname foo.cpp "
print " "
}
# Command getopt will not supported in next major release.
# Use getopts instead.
while getopts r: ii
do
case $ii in
r) FLAG1=$ii; OARG1="$OPTARG";;
?) Usage; exit 2;;
esac
done
shift ` expr $OPTIND - 1 `
#echo FLAG1 = $FLAG1 , OARG1 = $OARG1
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
Usage
exit 2
fi
if [ -d $1 ]; then
Usage
exit 2
fi
hme=` echo $HOME | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$hme" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$HOME is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
# Find sub-directory
cur_dir=`pwd`
#echo $cur_dir
len=${#hme}
len=$(($len + 2))
#echo $len
subdir=` echo $cur_dir | cut -b $len-2000 `
#echo $subdir
if [ "$subdir" = "" ]; then
fdname=$1
else
fdname=$subdir"/"$1
fi
# If file is already checked out by another user....
cvs_root=` echo $CVSROOT | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$cvs_root" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$CVSROOT is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
cldir=$CVSROOT/$subdir/Locks
mkdir $cldir 2>/dev/null
# Get the working revision number of the file....
# Use tmpfile as the arg cannot be set inside the sub-shell
tmpfile=$hme/sedit-lock.tmp
\rm -f $tmpfile 2>/dev/null
if [ "$FLAG1" = "" ]; then
(
cd $hme
cvs status $fdname 2>/dev/null | grep "Working revision:" | awk '{print $3}' >$tmpfile
)
OARG1=`cat $tmpfile`
\rm -f $tmpfile 2>/dev/null
fi
if [ "$OARG1" = "" ]; then
print "The file $fdname is NEW, it is not in the CVS repository"
else
lockfile=$cldir/$1-$OARG1
if [ -e $lockfile ]; then
# Check if this revision is owned by you...
aa=` ls -l $lockfile | awk '{print $3}' `
userid=`id | cut -d'(' -f2 | cut -d')' -f1 `
if [ "$aa" != "$userid" ]; then
print " "
print "The file $fdname is NOT locked by you!!"
print "It is locked by unix user name $aa and your login name is $userid"
# print "If you are working concurrently with other developer"
# print "and you used -F option with sedit."
print "You need to wait untill other developer does scommit"
print "or sunlock"
print "Aborting the $cmdname ...."
print " "
exit 2
fi
else
if [ -f $CVSROOT/$subdir/$1,v ]; then
print "You did not lock the file $fdname with sedit!!"
print "Aborting the $cmdname ...."
exit 2
else
print "\nThe file $fdname does not exist in CVS repository yet!!"
print "You should have done sadd on $fdname ...."
fi
fi
fi
if [ -d $1 ]; then
Usage
exit 2
# Do not allow directory commits for now ...
#cvs commit
else
cvs commit $1
exit_status=$?
fi
if [ $exit_status -eq 0 ]; then
print "\nDone $cmdname. $cmdname successful"
#print "\nTip (Usage): $cmdname <filename/directory name>\n"
fi
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program supdate
# Program to update the file from CVS read/write mode
cmdname=`basename $0`
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
print "\nUsage: $cmdname <filename>"
exit
fi
# Check if file already exists....
if [ $# -gt 0 -a -f $1 ]; then
user_perms=" "
group_perms=" "
other_perms=" "
user_perms=`ls -l $1 | awk '{print $1 }' | cut -b3-3 `
group_perms=`ls -l $1 | awk '{print $1 }' | cut -b6-6 `
other_perms=`ls -l $1 | awk '{print $1 }' | cut -b9-9 `
if [ "$user_perms" = "w" -o "$group_perms" = "w" \
-o "$other_perms" = "w" ]; then
while :
do
print "\n$cmdname will backup your working file "
print "$1 to $1.supdate_bak before doing any merges."
print "Are you sure you want the merge the changes from"
print -n "CVS repository to your working file ? <y/n> [n]: "
read ans
if [ "$ans" = "y" -o "$ans" = "Y" ]; then
if [ -f $1.supdate_bak ]; then
print "\nWarning : File $1.supdate_bak already exists!!"
print "Please examine the file $1.supdate_bak and delete it"
print "and than re-try this $cmdname "
print "Aborting $cmdname ...."
exit
else
cp $1 $1.supdate_bak
break
fi
elif [ "$ans" = "n" -o "$ans" = "N" -o "$ans" = "" -o "$ans" = " " ]; then
exit
fi
done
fi
fi
if [ -d $1 ]; then
print "\nDirectory update is disabled as cvs update"
print "merges the changes from repository to your working directory"
print "So give the filename to update - as shown below: "
print " Usage: $cmdname <filename>"
exit
# cvs update
else
cvs update $1
fi
print "\nDone $cmdname. $cmdname successful"
#print "\nTip (Usage): $cmdname <filename/directory name>\n"
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program sunlock
# Program to unlock the file to release the lock done by sedit
cmdname=`basename $0`
Usage()
{
print "\nUsage: $cmdname [-r revision_number] <filename>"
print " The options -r is optional "
print "For example - "
print " $cmdname -r 1.1 foo.cpp"
print " $cmdname foo.cpp "
print " "
}
# Command getopt will not supported in next major release.
# Use getopts instead.
while getopts r: ii
do
case $ii in
r) FLAG1=$ii; OARG1="$OPTARG";;
?) Usage; exit 2;;
esac
done
shift ` expr $OPTIND - 1 `
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
Usage
exit
fi
hme=` echo $HOME | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$hme" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$HOME is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
cur_dir=`pwd`
#echo $cur_dir
len=${#hme}
len=$(($len + 2))
#echo $len
subdir=` echo $cur_dir | cut -b $len-2000 `
#echo $subdir
if [ "$subdir" = "" ]; then
fdname=$1
else
fdname=$subdir"/"$1
fi
# If file is already checked out by another user....
cvs_root=` echo $CVSROOT | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$cvs_root" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$CVSROOT is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
cldir=$CVSROOT/$subdir/Locks
rcsfile=$CVSROOT/$subdir/$1,v
#echo $rcsfile
if [ ! -e $rcsfile ]; then
print "\nError: File $1 does not exist in CVS repository!!\n"
exit
fi
# Get the tip revision number of the file....
# Use tmpfile as the arg cannot be set inside the sub-shell
tmpfile=$hme/sedit-lock.tmp
\rm -f $tmpfile 2>/dev/null
if [ "$FLAG1" = "" ]; then
(
cd $hme
cvs log $fdname | head -6 | grep head: | awk '{print $2}' > $tmpfile
)
OARG1=`cat $tmpfile`
\rm -f $tmpfile 2>/dev/null
fi
lockfile=$cldir/$1-$OARG1
#echo lockfile is : $lockfile
if [ ! -e $lockfile ]; then
print "\nFile $1 revision $OARG1 is NOT locked by anyone"
print " "
exit
fi
ans=""
while :
do
print "\n\n***************************************************"
print "WARNING: $cmdname will release lock and enable other"
print " developers to edit the file. It is advisable"
print " to save your changes with scommit command"
print "***************************************************"
print -n "\nAre you sure you want to unlock the file <y/n>? [n]: "
read ans
if [ "$ans" = "" -o "$ans" = " " -o "$ans" = "n" -o "$ans" = "N" ]; then
print "\nAborting $cmdname ...."
exit
fi
if [ "$ans" = "y" -o "$ans" = "Y" ]; then
print "\n\n\n\n\n "
print "CAUTION: You may lose all the changes made to file!!"
print -n "Do you really want to unlock the file <y/n>? [n]: "
read ans
if [ "$ans" = "y" -o "$ans" = "Y" ]; then
break
else
exit
fi
else
print "\n\nWrong entry. Try again..."
sleep 1
fi
done
if [ -e $lockfile ]; then
\rm -f $lockfile
print "\nDone $cmdname"
else
print "\nFile $1 is NOT locked by anyone"
print " "
fi
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program slist
# Program to list all edited source files from CVS
#cmdname=`basename $0`
#echo "no of params : " $#
#echo "all args : " $@
recurse_flag=""
if [ "$1" = "" ]; then
dir=.
recurse_flag=""
else
dir=$@
recurse_flag=" -prune "
fi
FOUT=slist_temporary_file.out
\rm -f $FOUT
find $dir $recurse_flag -type f -exec ls -ltr {} \; \
| grep -v "/CVS/" \
| grep ^\-rw \
| grep -v \\.o \
| grep -v \\.log \
| grep -v \\.out \
| grep -v \\.pid \
| awk '{ if ($NF != "tags") print $0 }' \
| awk '{ if ($NF != "a.out") print $0 }' \
| awk '{ if ($NF != "core") print $0 }' \
| awk '{ print $NF }' > $FOUT
aa=`cat $FOUT`
\rm -f $FOUT
for ii in $aa ; do
ftype=" "
ftype=`file $ii | awk '{print $2 }' `
# find . -type f -exec file {} \;
# 1)ELF 2)commands 3)[nt]roff, 4)c 5)English 6)executable
# 7)ascii 8)current 9)empty
# Binaries are ELF, lib.a are current
#
if [ "$ftype" = "ascii" -o "$ftype" = "commands" \
-o "$ftype" = "[nt]roff," -o "$ftype" = "c" -o "$ftype" = "data" \
-o "$ftype" = "English" -o "$ftype" = "executable" ]; then
pcfile=` echo $ii | cut -d'.' -f1`
pcfile=${pcfile}".pc"
if [ ! -f $pcfile ]; then
ls -l $ii
else
if [ "$ii" = "$pcfile" ]; then
ls -l $ii
fi
fi
fi
done;
#| grep -v ^\-rwx \
#ls -l | grep ^\-rw | grep -v \\.o
#ls -l | grep ^\-rw | grep -v \\.o | awk '{ if ($NF != "tags") print $0 }'
#ls -l | grep ^\-rw | grep -v ^\-rwx | grep -v \\.o | awk '{ if ($NF != "tags") print $0 }' | awk '{ if ($NF != "core") print $0 }'
#print "\nDone $cmdname. $cmdname successful"
#print "\nTip (Usage): $cmdname <filename>\n"
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program sinfo
# Program to get the status of files in working directory
cmdname=`basename $0`
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
print "\nUsage: $cmdname [file/directory name] "
print "For example - "
print " $cmdname foo.cpp"
print " $cmdname some_directory "
print " "
exit
fi
hme=` echo $HOME | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$hme" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$HOME is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
tmpfile=$hme/cvs_sinfo.tmp
rm -f $tmpfile
cur_dir=`pwd`
#echo $cur_dir
len=${#hme}
len=$(($len + 2))
#echo $len
subdir=` echo $cur_dir | cut -b $len-2000 `
#echo $subdir
if [ "$subdir" = "" ]; then
fdname=$1
else
fdname=$subdir"/"$1
fi
# Create subshell
if [ -f $1 ]; then
(
cd $hme
clear
cvs status $fdname
)
elif [ -d $1 ]; then
(
cd $hme
clear
echo " " >> $tmpfile
echo " ****************************************" >> $tmpfile
echo " Overall Status of Directory" >> $tmpfile
echo " ****************************************" >> $tmpfile
cvs release $fdname 1>>$tmpfile 2>>$tmpfile << EOF
Y
EOF
echo "\n -------------------------------\n" >> $tmpfile
aa=`cat $tmpfile | grep ^"M " | awk '{print $2}' `
for ii in $aa
do
jj="(cd $hme; cvs status $subdir/$ii );"
echo $jj | /bin/sh \
| grep -v Sticky | awk '{if (NF != 0) print $0}' \
1>>$tmpfile 2>>$tmpfile
done
cat $tmpfile | grep -v ^? | grep -v "Are you sure you want to release" \
| less
rm -f $tmpfile
)
else
print "\nArgument $1 if not a file or directory"
exit
fi
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program slog
# Program to list history of the file in CVS
cmdname=`basename $0`
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
print "\nUsage: $cmdname <filename> \n"
exit
fi
# Check if file does not exist....
if [ ! -f $1 ]; then
print "\nError: $1 is NOT a file. Aborting $cmdname ......"
exit
fi
cvs log $1 | /usr/local/bin/less
print "\nDone $cmdname. $cmdname successful"
#print "\nTip (Usage): $cmdname <filename>\n"
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program sdif
# Program to see difference of the working file with CVS copy
cmdname=`basename $0`
Usage()
{
print "\nUsage: $cmdname <filename> "
print "$cmdname -r<rev1> -r<rev2> <filename> \n"
exit
}
FLAG1=""
FLAG2=""
OARG1=""
OARG2=""
# Command getopt will not supported in next major release.
# Use getopts instead.
while getopts r:r: ii
do
case $ii in
r)
if [ "$FLAG1" = "" ]; then
FLAG1=$ii;
OARG1="$OPTARG"
else
FLAG2=$ii;
OARG2="$OPTARG"
fi
;;
?) Usage; exit 2;;
esac
done
shift ` expr $OPTIND - 1 `
if [ "$FLAG2" = "" ]; then
FLAG2=r
OARG2=HEAD
fi
if [ "$FLAG1" = "" ]; then
cvs diff -r HEAD $1 | less
else
cvs diff -$FLAG1 $OARG1 -$FLAG2 $OARG2 $1 | less
fi
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# test
# CVS program sadd
# Program to add the file to CVS
cmdname=`basename $0`
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
print "\nUsage: $cmdname <filename/directory> \n"
exit
fi
# Check if file exists ....
if [ -f $1 ]; then
cvs add $1
exit
fi
if [ ! -d $1 ]; then
print "\nArgument $1 is not a file and not a directory!"
print "Usage: $cmdname <filename/directory> \n"
exit
fi
# Argument is a directory name .....
hme=` echo $HOME | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$hme" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$HOME is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
cur_dir=`pwd`
len=${#hme}
len=$(($len + 2))
subdir=` echo $cur_dir | cut -b $len-2000 `
if [ "$subdir" = "" ]; then
if [ -d $CVSROOT/$1 ]; then
print "\nDirectory $1 already exists in CVSROOT"
exit
else
# You are adding at root directory $CVSROOT
if [ "$2" = "" -o "$3" = "" ]; then
print "\nUsage: $cmdname <directory> <vendor tag> <release tag>"
print "For example - "
print " $cmdname foo_directory V_1_0 R_1_0"
exit
else
(
cd $1;
cvs import $1 $2 $3
)
fi
fi
else
# If current directory exists in CVS...
if [ -d $CVSROOT/$subdir ]; then
if [ -d $CVSROOT/$subdir/$1 ]; then
print "\nDirectory $1 already in CVS repository!"
else
cvs add $1
fi
else
print "\nSub-directory $subdir does not exist in CVS"
print "You need to first add $subdir to CVS"
exit
fi
fi
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program sdelete
# Program to delete the file from CVS
cmdname=`basename $0`
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
print "\nUsage: $cmdname <filename> \n"
exit
fi
# Check if file does not exist....
if [ ! -f $1 ]; then
# Try to get the file from CVS
sget $1
if [ ! -f $1 ]; then
print "\nError: $1 does NOT exist in CVS repository. Aborting $cmdname ......"
exit
fi
fi
bkextn=cvs_sdelete_safety_backup
\mv -f $1 $1.$bkextn
cvs remove $1
print "\nsdelete command removes the file from CVS repository"
print "and archives the file in CVS Attic directory. In case"
print "you need this file in future than contact your CVS administrator"
print " "
print "\nDone $cmdname. $cmdname successful"
#print "\nTip (Usage): $cmdname <filename>\n"
\mv -f $1.$bkextn $1
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
# CVS program sfreeze
# Program to freeze and cut out the release of source tree from CVS
cmdname=`basename $0`
Usage()
{
print "\nUsage: $cmdname symbolic_tag <directory name> "
print "\nFor example :- "
print " cd \$HOME"
print " $cmdname REVISION_1 mesa"
print "To see the list of revisons do -"
print "slog <filename> and see the symbolic name and do -"
print "cvs history -T"
print "\nTo create a branch off-shoot from main trunk, use"
print "the -b and -r options which makes the tag a branch tag. This is"
print "useful for creating a patch to previously released software"
print "For example :- "
print " cd \$HOME"
print " cvs rtag -b -r REVISION_1 REVISION_1_1 mesa"
print " "
# print "\nTag info is located at \$CVSROOT/CVSROOT/taginfo,v"
# print "You can do - cd $HOME; sget CVSROOT"
# print "to see this file"
exit
}
# Command getopt will not supported in next major release.
# Use getopts instead.
#while getopts r: ii
#do
# case $ii in
# r) FLAG1=$ii; OARG1="$OPTARG";;
# ?) Usage; exit 2;;
# esac
#done
#shift ` expr $OPTIND - 1 `
#echo FLAG1 = $FLAG1 , OARG1 = $OARG1
if [ $# -lt 2 ]; then
Usage
fi
if [ ! -d $2 ]; then
print "\nError: Second argument $2 is not a directory!"
print " Aborting $cmdname...."
print " "
exit
fi
# cvs rtag symbolic_tag <directory name>
cvs rtag $1 $2
print "\nDone $cmdname. $cmdname successful"
NOTE : Korn shell /bin/ksh is got by installing pdksh*.rpm from Linux contrib cdrom
Save this file as text file and chmod a+rx on it.
#!/bin/ksh
################################################################
# Sample Program to checkin a directory tree (let's say SAMP) into CVS
# Note that if SAMP directory is not in CVS than you would use sadd
# command and -
# cd SAMP; cvs import SAMP V_1_0 R_1_0
# After running this program do -
# cd $HOME/foo/SAMP
# cvs import foo/SAMP V1_0 Rev_1_0
################################################################
hme=` echo $HOME | cut -f1 -d' ' `
if [ "$hme" = "" ]; then
print "\nError: \$HOME is not set!!\n"
exit
fi
sampdir=$hme/foo/SAMP
check_out_files()
{
# Now check out the files
tmp2f=$hme/tmp2.baksamp.sh
cd $hme
\rm -rf foo/SAMP
cvs -w checkout foo/SAMP
cd $hme/foo
find SAMP -type f -print > $tmp2f
cd $hme
for ii in `cat $tmp2f`
do
iidir=`dirname $ii`
iifile=`basename $ii`
if [ "$iifile" = "Root" -o "$iifile" = "Repository" -o "$iifile" = "Entries" ]; then
continue
fi
jjdir=` echo $iidir | cut -d'/' -f2-1000 `
cp $hme/foo/SAMP.tobe/$jjdir/$iifile $hme/foo/$iidir/$iifile
echo "cp $hme/foo/SAMP.tobe/$jjdir/$iifile $hme/foo/$iidir/$iifile "
cvs add foo/$iidir/$iifile
done
print
print "================================================"
print " Now run cvs commit foo/SAMP"
print " After commit. Do - "
print " cd foo; rm -rf SAMP and "
print " get fresh copy, sget SAMP"
print " Verify with slog filename.samp to see new revision"
print "================================================"
print
}
check_out_files
At unix prompt type -
The tkcvs http://www.tkcvs.org is the Tcl/Tk GUI interface to CVS. It also has online help.
There is also a Windows 95 client for CVS, and is called WinCVS http://www.wincvs.org WinCVS can be used along with Samba - http://www.samba.org
The essential command are -
Emacs is a powerful editor and it supports CVS/RCS - especially for revision merging and comparing. Emacs main site is at http://www.emacs.org.
Along with CVS, you may want to use Project Tracking system or Problem Reporting system. Every software project needs a Problem Reporint System where in bugs are tracked and assigned to various developers. Visit the site http://www.stonekeep.com for Project tracking system.
This document is published in 11 different formats namely - DVI, Postscript, Latex, Adobe Acrobat PDF, LyX, GNU-info, HTML, RTF(Rich Text Format), Plain-text, Unix man pages and SGML.
This document is located at -
Also you can find this document at the following mirrors sites -
In order to view the document in dvi format, use the xdvi program. The xdvi program is located in tetex-xdvi*.rpm package in Redhat Linux which can be located through ControlPanel | Applications | Publishing | TeX menu buttons.
To read dvi document give the command -
xdvi -geometry 80x90 howto.dvi
And resize the window with mouse. See man page on xdvi.
To navigate use Arrow keys, Page Up, Page Down keys, also
you can use 'f', 'd', 'u', 'c', 'l', 'r', 'p', 'n' letter
keys to move up, down, center, next page, previous page etc.
To turn off expert menu press 'x'.
To read postscript document give the command -
gv howto.ps
To use ghostscript give -
ghostscript howto.ps
You can read HTML format document using Netscape Navigator, Microsoft Internet explorer, Redhat Baron Web browser or any other web browsers.
You can read the latex, LyX output using LyX a "X-Windows" front end to latex.
Copyright is GNU GPL, but it is requested that you retain the author's name and email on all copies.